Major interaction

NSAIDs and SSRI or SNRI antidepressants

Ibuprofen, naproxen or diclofenac against sertraline, citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, duloxetine or venlafaxine — a very common combination that carries a real gastrointestinal bleeding risk.

The short answer: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) as an alternative, or add a PPI.

Why this matters

SSRIs and SNRIs reduce serotonin uptake by platelets, which blunts platelet aggregation — a mild, usually silent antiplatelet effect on its own. An NSAID adds a second antiplatelet mechanism plus direct gastric irritation. Neither drug looks risky alone; together the combined GI bleeding risk is well documented and easy to miss, because nothing about either prescription looks like a blood thinner.

In short: Gastrointestinal bleeding.

What to do at the counter

Which medicines this covers

NSAIDs

ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, dexketoprofen, ketoprofen, celecoxib, etoricoxib, indomethacin, piroxicam, meloxicam, aceclofenac

SSRI or SNRI antidepressants

sertraline, fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, fluvoxamine, venlafaxine, duloxetine, desvenlafaxine

Checking a longer medication list, or a pair not listed here? Run it through the full drug interactions checker — it covers the whole list at once, pair by pair.

For guidance only. This does not replace the pharmacist's professional judgement or medical advice. Check the official Summary of Product Characteristics before any clinical decision. See the clinical content policy.

Frequently asked questions

Does this apply to every antidepressant, or just SSRIs?

The mechanism is specific to serotonergic drugs — SSRIs (sertraline, citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, fluvoxamine) and SNRIs (venlafaxine, duloxetine, desvenlafaxine). Other classes, like mirtazapine or the tricyclics, do not carry the same platelet effect.

Is this a reason to stop the antidepressant?

No — the antidepressant is the long-term treatment and the NSAID is usually the short-term addition. Manage the interaction around the NSAID (paracetamol first, PPI cover if one is genuinely needed), not by touching the antidepressant.

What if the patient is also on an anticoagulant?

Then the risk stacks a third time. Treat it as the same guidance as NSAIDs and warfarin, only more strictly — paracetamol, and refer anything beyond occasional use back to the prescriber.